On Leisure Theory In The Field Of Cultural Spirit :: Culture China Essays

On leisure Theory In The Field Of Cultural SpiritABSTRACT China, with a large population, has its own characteristics in establishing smart values for leisure. One of the most vital characteristics of leisure is that family is considered as its main subject. Therefore, strengthening the family culture has become a new belief of leisure. In the countryside, round 85 percent of the villages and towns have set up various entertainment and leisure places which reflect the family culture. In cities, people have a new conception of residence which pursues a community culture that respects peoples rights and advocates an harmonious integration of human being beings and nature. Meanwhile, the leisure culture has been enriched by a plan that includes bodybuilding for everyone, construe clubs, family politics studies, art appreciation and environmental protection organizations comprised mainly of volunteers. New value of the leisure of humankind is advent into being in various fields. In the 20th century, one of the greatest contributions of science and technology to the mankind is that it has freed the human beings from heavy physical labor and given the people full leisure time. With the coming of the digital era, most of the future intent and state of living of the mankind will be spent in leisure time. Therefore, leisure has become an eventful part of the human social activities. What is leisure? What kind of inner links exist between leisure and the quality of the human life? What enlightenment tail end we gain from leisure, which is an implication of cultural spirit? What kind of value of leisure shall we have in the future? All the above questions need our careful consideration.Leisure refers to the time the people have after they finish necessary social labor, which is based on reduction of man-hours. Leisure is a form of the state of human life, generally including eliminating physical fatigue and gaining spiritual comfort. With the development of scien ce and technology as well as the social advancement, leisure has provided conditions for the rich spiritual life of the people. It is said that recreation will free the people from labor. On the one side, the hardness of labor will weaken due to longer rest and recuperation time on the other side, recreation should play a role in compensating the pains caused by labor to the people, helping them find back the opening move of the physical and spiritual balance damaged by labor.

All Quiet on the Western Front Essays: Two Years :: All Quiet on the Western Front Essays

All Quiet on the occidental Front Two Years The book I chose to read was All Quiet on the Western Front, by Erich Maria Remarque. The story told in All Quiet on the Western Front occurs during the two years just before the Armistice terminate World War I in November 1918. By 1916 when the story begins, World War I had already been underway for two years. From the beginning, World War I was fought in two areas, named for their geographical relationship to Germany. The Eastern Front extended into Russia, and the Western Front extended through Belgium into Northern France. The main character is a young man named Paul Baumer who is a 19 year-old private in the German army. It follows Paul trough the horrors of World War I. Paul joins the army later a recruiter named Kantorek pumps him and his friends full of glory and honor. Glory and honor they can entrance by joining up. Paul is excited that he is going off to war. erst he arrives at the front he begins to understand the t errible thing called war. He realizes that war isnt all glory, at that place is death and destruction. Paul learns to administer with the deaths of all his friends and how to keep his mind clear without turning into an animal. One of the big issues in the book was Kemmerichs leather boots. At his death everybody was squabbling over who would get them. Remarque, in my opinion, shows you the pettiness between good friends because of war. Remarque kind of slips in these themes, some others are how terrible war really is, friendship is a must to outride alive on the battlefield, and World War I destroyed a generation. During the time period of All Quiet on the Western Front the Russian were rebelling against Czar Nicholas II. Eventually him and his entire family were killed, and so began communist Russia. Also during this time European countries were colonizing Asia and Africa which was one of the causes of World War I. The Ottoman Empire collapses and the introduction of atomic nu mber 1 Fords Model T. If there was one thing that I learned from this book it is that war is not pretty. Despite what the recruiters and military personnel say, if there is a war you can die.

The Hunchback of Notre-Dame Essay -- Essays Papers

The Hunchback of Notre-DameLove is a universal language. This popular quotefrom many movies and literary works describes the importanceof adore, and how there are no limits or barriers whendealing with have a go at it. Many people cannot even help whether ornot they fall in issue. There are many types of love andthey imply not be between members of opposite sexes. InVictor Hugos novel, The Hunchback of Notre Dame,Quasimodos love for Esmerelda is not as strong as his assorted sense of love for the Archdeacon, Claude Frollo. Quasimodo loves each person in a different manner, but istruer to the Archdeacon.The hunchback feels, among other things, a lovedescribed as Eros for the Mistress Esmerelda whereas, forthe Archdeacon the love he feels is known as Philia. WhileQuasimodo is drawn to Esmerelda by her inner beauty andpersonal qualities, he admires the Archdeacon for hispowerful position in the social social structure of the town. Throughout the story, Quasimodo does his best to protectEsmerelda. Contrarily, he is protected by the Archdeacon. There are four types of love, only integrity of which involves amans physical love for a woman and vice versa. This typeof love is known as Eros. It is defined as a relationshipin which two parties are physically attracted to oneanother. Esmerelda, the gypsy, is quite beautiful. Shedances in the midst of a crowd near a bonfire All eyeswere fixed on her, all mouths hung open. As she danced tothe rhythm method of birth control of the tambourine which her round, delicate armsheld over her head, she seemed to be some sort ofsupernatural creature(p.22). Quasimodo is taken by herloveliness just like most other men. However, because he isdeformed and hideous, Quasimodos physical attraction to theMistress is unrequited. Nevertheless, this attraction isuncontrollable. Although he never acts upon his urges noropenly displays his affection, the hunchback feels the typeof love called Eros for Esmerelda. Accordingly , he feels adifferent kind of love for the Archdeacon Philia. Just asEros as love stems from physical factors, Philia is a resultof external factors. The Archdeacon is a man of God. He isconsidered the spectral authority in Paris. Quasimodoresides in the Notre Dame Cathedral. He takes a greatinterest in God, and apparently shares this interest withthe Arc... ... priests company and leadership. Quasimodocontinues to show gratitude by obeying any command givento him by the Archdeacon. When the Archdeacon decides thatEsmerelda should hang, even though Quasimodo loves her hecould not defy the priests command he sat quietly by andawaited the hanging. It is work that this love stems fromthe protection of the Archdeacon through Quasimodos earlyyears of life. This also exposes the fact that Quasimodosrespect and obedience to the Archdeacon outweighs hisfeelings for Esmerelda. Throughout the story by Victor Hugo, Quasimodo showslove to both Esmerelda, a beautiful gypsy, and to ClaudeFrollo, the Archdeacon that took the hunchback into hiscustody. Two types of love displayed are Eros, to theMistress, and Philia, toward Frollo. Quasimodos protectionof Esmerelda is seen inversely through his relationship withthe Archdeacon. The Archdeacon and Esmerelda have diversequalities that evoke separate types of love from Quasimodo. In the end, the bell ringers relationship with Frollosupercedes his emotions towards the Mistress. The Philialand brotherly love triumphs over unrequited erotic love.

Honor and the Celtic Heroes Essay -- Irish Myths

The admire-code within the Mabinogi, The Tain, and Gantzs Early Irish Myths and Sagas underlines the ethos of the traditional Celtic hero. Yet, the compliance of the honor-code could be better spy as serving the identity and disposition of the hero rather than a deeper code of morality as it might suggest. The gae bolga, Efnisien, Miders love for Etain, and Rhiannons john bag are all instruments of naive designer, making the impossible possible for each of the heroes. It is because of these supernatural influences that the heroes are both blessed and cursed by powers perfection. The compliance to the honor-code plays less a role in truly enabling the hero and yet its essential in the development of the heros identity and reputation among his assort and enemies.Within The Tain, the warrior Cuchulainn is characterized as a flawless hero, destined to die young. Cuchulainns honor to Ulster could easily be metrical by the uncountable number of warriors hes killed with his various skills and gae bolga, yet the killing of his notwithstanding son Connla and his Foster-brother Ferdia proves to be his most difficult and heroic task. notwithstanding Emers plea for Cuchulainn to spare his further son, Cuchulainn provokes the son to fight him, using his gae bolga to kill him. Cuchulainns honor to Ulster through the sacrifice of his son not only grieves him, but all the men of Ulster. (The Tain, p.45) Tragically, the boy expresses the essence of a warriors honor to the men of Ulster and to Cuchulainn in obeying his wishes to refuse no man in flake (The Tain, p.33). The boy bids his farewell to the men of Ulster saying, If only I had five years among you I would slaughter the warriors of the world for you. . . But since it is like this, point me o... ...ns landed estate for a year and killing Hafgan for Arawn. (The Mabinogi, p.38) And his honor in not talking or sleeping with Arawns wife earns him an enduring friendship, gaining him otherworld treasures and th e kingship of Annwfn. (The Mabinogi, p.41-42) Even when his wife Rhiannons child is abducted and everyone wants him to divorce his wife, he loves her and enters no fault in her, letting the teachers and men of wisdom decided her punishment. (The Mabinogi, p.51)Underlining all of the heroes of the Celtic stories is how gay they are. Even Taliesin, the divinely inspired poet did not become who he was without stealing the three drops of wisdom. (The Mabinogi, p.163) The Celtic stories not only depict their successes and failures in warfare, discernment, and love, but similarly their painful sacrifices in attempting to keep the wonderment and trust of their kingdoms. Honor and the Celtic Heroes Essay -- Irish MythsThe honor-code within the Mabinogi, The Tain, and Gantzs Early Irish Myths and Sagas underlines the ethos of the traditional Celtic hero. Yet, the compliance of the honor-code could be better observed as serving the identity and reputation of the hero rathe r than a deeper code of morality as it might suggest. The gae bolga, Efnisien, Miders love for Etain, and Rhiannons magic bag are all instruments of unworldly power, making the impossible possible for each of the heroes. It is because of these supernatural influences that the heroes are both blessed and cursed by powers perfection. The compliance to the honor-code plays less a role in truly enabling the hero and yet its essential in the development of the heros identity and reputation among his allies and enemies.Within The Tain, the warrior Cuchulainn is characterized as a flawless hero, destined to die young. Cuchulainns honor to Ulster could easily be measured by the uncountable number of warriors hes killed with his various skills and gae bolga, yet the killing of his only son Connla and his Foster-brother Ferdia proves to be his most difficult and heroic task. Despite Emers plea for Cuchulainn to spare his only son, Cuchulainn provokes the boy to fight him, using his gae bolga to kill him. Cuchulainns honor to Ulster through the sacrifice of his son not only grieves him, but all the men of Ulster. (The Tain, p.45) Tragically, the boy expresses the essence of a warriors honor to the men of Ulster and to Cuchulainn in obeying his wishes to refuse no man in combat (The Tain, p.33). The boy bids his farewell to the men of Ulster saying, If only I had five years among you I would slaughter the warriors of the world for you. . . But since it is like this, point me o... ...ns kingdom for a year and killing Hafgan for Arawn. (The Mabinogi, p.38) And his honor in not talking or sleeping with Arawns wife earns him an enduring friendship, gaining him otherworld treasures and the kingship of Annwfn. (The Mabinogi, p.41-42) Even when his wife Rhiannons child is abducted and everyone wants him to divorce his wife, he loves her and sees no fault in her, letting the teachers and men of wisdom decided her punishment. (The Mabinogi, p.51)Underlining all of the heroes of t he Celtic stories is how human they are. Even Taliesin, the divinely inspired poet did not become who he was without stealing the three drops of wisdom. (The Mabinogi, p.163) The Celtic stories not only depict their successes and failures in warfare, discernment, and love, but also their painful sacrifices in attempting to keep the admiration and trust of their kingdoms.

Jordan craters :: essays research papers

The Jordan Craters volcanic vault of heaven is located on the Owyhee-Oregon Plateau at the southeastern end of a series of young basalt fields extending from near Bend, Oregon, through Diamond Craters in south-central Oregon (Volcanoes of the World). The Jordan Craters field is limited to the northern most and youngest portion of a bigger (250 square kilometers) Quaternary alkaline basalt field. There are three major vent areas aligned north to south along surficial and inferred expressions of the regional lavabo and Range faulting (Hart, W.K., and Mertzmann, S.A.). Fluid pahoehoe basalt flows emanated from each of these sources, with pyroclastic activity confined to small scatter cones and to a larger crater-cone complex (Coffeepot Crater) at the northernmost edge of the Jordan Craters portion of this field (Volcanoes of the World). This entire Quaternary alkaline basalt field is part of a larger field (nearly 800 square kilometers) that includes Pleistocene and Pliocene olivine tholeiite to transitional basalt flows and vents. Jordan Craters is a wonderful sight principally because of its well-preserved vents and striking flow features. Near Coffeepot Crater, the flow surfaces are vesicular shelly pahoehoe, which grade to massive tube-fed ropy pahoehoe in the distal regions. A 75-square-kilometer coffeepot Crater is a heart-shaped tephra cone constructed of numerous overlapping lobes of alternating densely to weakly welded scoriaceous lapilli and bombs (Volcanoes of the World). The walls of the crater show good evidence for a fluctuating lava pond, which appears to have depressed through and rafted away portions of the northeastern and southeastern crater walls. Backflow of the lava pond into the conduit is indicated by pahoehoe crust on the present crater floor. The Jordan Craters lava flow field is mineralogically and chemically homogeneous, whereas proximal tephra and flow deposits exhibit significant chemical heterogeneity which correlates with the eruptive history. Also noteworthy are the many excellent examples of basalt flow

Jordan craters :: essays research papers

The Jordan Craters volcanic field is located on the Owyhee-Oregon Plateau at the southwestwardeastern end of a series of young basalt fields extending from near Bend, Oregon, through Diamond Craters in south-central Oregon (Volcanoes of the World). The Jordan Craters field is limited to the Yankee most and youngest portion of a larger (250 square kilometers) Quaternary alkaline basalt field. There are three major vent areas aligned north to south along surficial and inferred expressions of the regional Basin and Range faulting (Hart, W.K., and Mertzmann, S.A.). Fluid pahoehoe basalt flows emanated from each of these sources, with pyroclastic activity confined to small scatter cones and to a larger crater-cone complex (Coffeepot Crater) at the northernmost edge of the Jordan Craters portion of this field (Volcanoes of the World). This entire Quaternary alkaline basalt field is part of a larger field (nearly 800 square kilometers) that includes Pleistocene and Pliocene olivine thole iite to transitional basalt flows and vents. Jordan Craters is a wonderful sight mainly because of its well-preserved vents and striking flow features. Near Coffeepot Crater, the flow surfaces are vesicular shelly pahoehoe, which grade to massive tube-fed ropy pahoehoe in the distal regions. A 75-square-kilometer coffeepot Crater is a heart-shaped tephra cone constructed of numerous overlapping lobes of alternating densely to weakly welded scoriaceous lapilli and bombs (Volcanoes of the World). The walls of the crater show good render for a fluctuating lava pond, which appears to have broken through and rafted away portions of the northeastern and southeastern crater walls. Backflow of the lava pond into the conduit is indicated by pahoehoe crust on the give crater floor. The Jordan Craters lava flow field is mineralogically and chemically homogeneous, whereas proximal tephra and flow deposits exhibit significant chemical heterogeneity which correlates with the eruptive history. A lso noteworthy are the numerous excellent examples of basalt flow

My Grandmother’s Eulogy Essay

On behalf of Snghs family I would like to thank you for coming today to share in our sorrow, but also to share in our joy as we celebrate grandmothers wonderful disembodied spirit. There is no doubt that we are the luckiest seven grandkids who got a chance to share our life with an amazing person like my grandmother (Baljinder Kaur). To me my grandma was not a just a typical old grandmother who bosses around and order us. To me she was my obtain buddy, cooking partner and not forget my gossip pal. There are so m any(prenominal) things I will miss of hers1.Her doing ardas every time any of us going away2.Every evening doing path so loud that you can hear her if you are in the basement.3.Her making kadi chawal for meThere are so many beautiful memories I have of her which I will cherish rest of my life. One of salok for gurbani that dadi ji used to reciteChinta taki kijiye, jo anhoni hoyeIhe marg sansar ko Nanik thir nahin koye Worry however about something that has never happened,I n this world O Nanak, there is nothing for ever.http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0Kc7_QCgZkOne of her greatest pleasures was to work out in2. my grandmother that I saw, and I know we all saw, was that she was independent. Some would call it strong-willed, some would even call it stubborn. But truly, it was her unending independent spirit which make will so strong, and caused her to be so stubborn. 3. Death is a mysterious gift. It brings loved ones together, by separating them from the ones they love. Weve all been brought together today because of our love for my Grandmother, and all those whose lives shes touched.Her passing is a gift. Just as her life was a gift. No one wants to think about their own mortality, but we all know were not getting out of this thing alive. A death in the family is just another wake up call, reminding us that we only have a short while on this Earth. The amount of time we have here can never be known, and death is natures way of reminding us not to squan der the time that we have.My Grandmother was fortunate. She spent 87 years here, most of which were spent in good health.

Coase(1972) †durable and monopoly[2] Essay

R. H. COASE Universityof ChicagoLaw School that A SSUME a provider owns the total short letter of a completely perpetual advantageously. At what outlay ordain he sell it? To take a concrete example, assume that one person owns in all the belt down in the United States and, to simplify the analysis, that all fetch is of uniform quality. Assume also that the husbandryowner is not able to work the land himself, that ownership of land yields no utility and that there argon no bes involved in disposing of the land.If there were a large number of property ownersand the toll were competitively determined, the price would be that at which the amount solicitedwas constitute to the amount of land in the United States. If we imagine this fixed supply of land to be various amounts either greater or smaller, and then teach what the competitively determinedprice would be, we can trace out the demand account for American land. Assume that this demand schedule is DD and that from th is a marginal revenue schedule, MR, has been derived. Both schedules are shown in encounter I. Let the total amount of land in existence be OQ.Then, if the price were competitively determined,the price would be OB (see Figure I). We now deplete to determine the price which the monopolistic landowner would impeach for a unit of land in the assumed conditions. The diagramwould seem to suggest (and has, I believe, suggested to some) that such a monopolistic landownerwould charge the price OA, would sell the quantity of land OM, thus maximising his receipts, and would hold off the market the quantity of land, MQ. simply suppose that he did this. MQ land and money equal to OA X OM would be in the possession of the original landowner while OM land would be put on by others.In these circumstances, why should the original landownercontinue to hold MQ off the market? The original landownercould obviously improve his position by selling more than land since he could by this means acqu ire more money. It is true that this would reduce the value of the land OM owned by those who had previously bought land from him-but the loss would deliver on them, not on him. If the aforesaid(prenominal) assumption about his behaviour was made as before, he would then sell part of MQ. But this is not the end of the story, since some of MQ would still remain unsold.The process would continue as long as the original landowner retained any land, that is, until OQ had been sold. And if there were no costs of disposing of the land, the whole process would take place in the twinkling of an eye. 143 144 THE JOURNAL OF LAW AND ECONOMICS Figure D I z mj A _ o Q D 0 M Q QUANTITY MR It capacity be objected to this supposedbehaviour under(a) which land is sold in separate transactions involving blocks of land, probably of diminish size, that it would be even better if the landowner sold the land by infinitesimal units, thus maximising his total revenue.But this is neither here n or there. any(prenominal) the intermediatesteps are assumed to be, OQ land give be sold. And given that OQ is going to be sold, the value of a unit of land is going to be OB and given this, no buyer of land will pay more than OB for it. Although the demand schedule may be correctly drawn in that, if the quantity of land is OM, the price would be OA, the landownerwould find himself in the position that, if he were charged more than OB, he would sell nothing. The demand schedule set about the original landowner would be infinitely elastic at the competitive price and this even though he was the sole supplier.With complete military posture, the price becomes freelancer of the number of suppliers and is thus always equal to the competitive price. DURABILITYAND MONOPOLY 145 How could the landowner avoid this result? He could do this and obtain the price OA from the sale of OM land by making special contractual arrangements with the purchasersof land by which, as a condition of sale, he agreed to hold unsold in sempiternity the quantity of land MQ. Alternatively, he could agree to buy back any land that was offered to him in the future at a price just under OA, thus making it against his interest to sell more than OM land.Another way in which essentially the same result could be obtained would be for the landowner not to sell the land but to lease it for relatively short checks of time. It would then be comparatively easy for him to assure lessees that no increasein supply will surpass during the lease period either by entering into all leases at the same point in time, or by announcing that he would not stir the rental price during the lease period or by agreeing to adjust the prices charged to existing lessees if a lour charge is made to others during the lease period.In any case, even if such contractual arrangementscannot be made, lessees feel some reason to believe that the landownerwill not, in fact, lease more than OM land by charging lower prices fo r some of the unutilised land (after having entered into contracts at OA) because it would not be in his self-centeredness to do so. With this kind of leasing, the total earnings of the landowner depend largely on the rents at which land can be leased in future periods and the yield from these rents will run to be higher the greater the confidence the lessees have that the amount of land leased during the lease period will not be more than OM.That confidence would obviously be weakened and the rent that could be charged in future reduced, if extra land above OM is leased during the current lease period. It is this which would tend to give lessees confidence that such extra land will not be leased. Of course, the negotiating of such rental contracts for short periods for each piece of land might be extremely costly and indeed might be so costly as to offset the gain in revenue from the limitation in the amount of land utilised. But, if not too costly, leasing would tend to ensure t hat only OM land was utilised.Another alternative would be for the landowner to give MQ land to someone who is less concernedabout money-makingthan he is. For example, the landowner might donate MQ land to the goernment to be used in the public interest. Some such contractual or institutional arrangementsas these would enable the landowner to charge the monopoly price. But in the absence of such arrangements,the price charged will be the competitive price. It may be thought that this argument does not moderate if the permanently durable good is ca-cad by a monopolist supplier rather than being part of nature. But this is not so. Assume that the demand schedule for this good is DD, representingthe present value of its future services for various quantities of the good. Assume that it is produced by a single plastered and that marginal costs are constant. MR representsthe marginal revenue schedule and MC the 146 THE JOURNAL OF LAW AND ECONOMICS marginalcost schedule. All schedulesar e shown in Figure II. Cost and demand conditions are assumed to remain the same in the future.In effect, this means that if the competitive experience, OQ, is produced originally, nothing will be producedin later periods. A similar argument to that used in the case of the landowner will demonstrate that the price that this producer will charge (assuming outright sale) will not be OA, the apparentmonopolyprice, but will be OB, since the demand for his proceeds of this good is infinitely elastic at this price up to the issue OQ. Again, it is possible to introduce conditions into the contract for sale which would avoid this.An agreement not to produce any more of the good afterOM has been produced,an offer to buy back the good at any time in the future at a price just under OB, or the use of leasing rather than outright sale, would all have the effect of making it possible to charge OA (just as similararrangementswould enable the monopolist landowner to achieve the monopoly price). Figure 1T A QB CL MC 0 /l M IA Q M-r-rvMR U-lM 11 I DURABILITYAND MONOPOLY 147 Some of these arrangementsmay not be lawfully enforceableand, in any case, are likely to involve additional costs as against those incurredin outright sale.There is, however, an alternative which was not available to the hypothetical landownerand that is to launch the good less durable. This may raise the costs of providing the stream of services affordedby the durable good, may result in charges over the future which have a present value greater than OA and a supply of services less than that affordedby OM of the durable good. Profits will also be less than they would be if this firm could sell OM at price OA. But this is not a real alternative in the absence of the various contractual arrangementsmentioned.If the durable good is produced, the output will be OQ at price OB. If a less durable good is produced, a higher price can be charged because consumers do not have to fear an increase in supply i f they buy at the monopoly price. The productionof a less durable good as against a more durable good is very similar to a policy of leasing since, by making the good less durable,the producersells the services providedby the good for short periods of time (because the good wears out) whereas in leasing the same result is achieved by selling the services of a given durable good in short period segments.The reason why making a good less durable enables a producer to charge higher prices than he could if the good were extremely durable is that it makes it in his self-interest not to increase supply since, if he did this, it would tend to lead consumers to believe that he might do this again in the future, a belief which would make it impossible for him to charge the monopoly price (as was explained in the case of land for leasing).Another circumstance reinforces the conclusion that making a good less durable will enable the monopolist producer to charge a higher price. What a consumer has to fear is an increasein supply during the period in which he (or someone to whom he transfers the good) is filiation services from the good. The less durable the good, the shorter is this period. But the shorter the period that the supplierhas in which to increase supply, the greater will be the additional costs of increasing supply. Lessened long suit reduces the gain from an increase in supply and thus reduces the likelihood that it will occur.The analysis up to this point has proceededon the assumption that marginal costs were constant for the durable good. It needs modification if marginal costs rise with increases in the rate of output. With constant marginal costs, production would take place in the first period and would then cease. With rising marginalcosts, productionwould extend over a period of time, although, since price would croak as the stock of the durable good increased, the rate of production would decrease as time passed.Since sales occur sequentially, in setting the price in later periods, the producer will not take into account the fall in the value of the existing stock (which is, of course, owned by others). To this extent the behaviourof the producerwill inevitably be com- 148 THE JOURNAL OF LAW AND ECONOMICS petitive in character and the stock (and price) will move towards the competitive level.Because of this, consumers will pay less (and the producers profits will be less), than they would if, throughan agreementas to the total quantity that could be produced or an agreement on a re-purchaseprice or through the use of leasing, production were limited to the monopoly output. Reducing the durability of the good is an alternative policy which might be more profitable (as was argued in the case of constant marginal costs).There is an additional element introduced by the fact that production will continue over a period of time. The producerwill have to consider the effect his actions have on the expectations of consumersabout his actions in future periods.He can in general be counted upon to pause from expanding output when any gain that he might make through disappointingconsumersexpectations (if they thought he would specify production) would be less than the loss he would buzz off in future from not fulfilling them. However, there is no reason why conditions should not be such that it would always pay to disappoint consumersexpectations of a restrictionin output (if they held such expectations) and in such circumstances,output in all periods would be such as to make marginalcost equal to price (if some of the arrangementsmentioned earlierwere not used).This result is specially likely since, in the assumed conditions of rising marginal costs, prices and production will decline over time. even out in conditions in which the producer would not deficiency to disappoint consumersexpectations of a restrictionin production, it is by no means easy to say how things would work out in practice since neither the producer nor the consumers would necessarily have clear, or the same, ideas about the future.A full analysis of this situation would be very complicated but could not affect the main contention of this note, that with durability some contractualor institutional arrangementof the type mentioned earlier may be a less costly and perhaps the only way of achieving a monopoly price or that reduceddurability may prove to be a better way out of the difficulty. Oneother qualification should be mentioned. The analysis up to this point has assumed that demand and cost conditions remained unchanged, in effect, that the economy was in a stationary state.The present value of any given amountof the durablegood will always take into account future demands,but if demand remains the same, the present value of its future services (for any givenamount of the durablegood) will remain the same as time passes. However,with increasing demands present values will rise and future production will be great er than has been assumed (with constant marginal costs there willbe some future productionas against none).This enhances the importance ofthe considerationsdiscussed in the previous paragraph,since the future loss fromnot restricting output will tend to be greater. Whether the expected increasein demand would be sufficient to lead the producer to restrict output DURABILITYAND MONOPOLY 149 in earlier periods depends on its extent, on the rate of discount, on the nature of the cost schedule, on whether costs are expected to increase in the meantime (and by how much) and on the confidencewith which these views about the future are held.An expected increase in demand may or may not decimate the need for the contractual arrangementsmentioned earlier (or a reduction in durability) if the monopolist producer of a durable good is to secure the monopoly price. The business practices which I have suggested as devices which a monopolist supplier might use to cope with the problem of durabilit y may, of course, be adopted for reasons which have nothing to do with my argument.A land developer, in selling land on which houses are to be built, may agree to hold neighbouringland off the market to improve the amenities the supplier of a durable good may agree to buy it back at some specified price in the future because consumers are uncoerced to pay for this reduction in risk leasing is often a less costly way for the consumer to obtain the services of a durable good a reduction in durability may enable a supplier to provide a given stream of services at lower cost.Even when these practices are adopted to avoid the consequencesof durability on demand, they are not necessarily undesirable-an agreementnot to produce more than a certain quantity may be a necessary condition in the competitive supply of a durable good for which marginalcost is less than average cost.Nevertheless, these business practices, including reduced durability, may be essential elements in securing a monop olistic price. However, these practices have their costs and they may not, in fact, always be feasible. Furthermore,some of the contractual arrangements will not be enforceable over a long period. In such circumstances, the competitive outcome may be achieved even if there is but a single supplier.

Sterling Marking Products Case Study

I recommend that Sterling should consider a fully owned auxiliary as an incoming mode into the U. K. market. However, we need to ensure U. K. laws permits 100 percent ownership and understand tax incentives applicability. In addition, as an organization we would need to internally bring forth a strategic road map in terms of our approach to international markets. The objective of the roadmap is to provide Sterling with some guidance and a massive approach to how we conduct business on a global scale, considering recent interest in our product from firms in other countries and possibility of pursuing those opportunities.As an organization, this is a good deal needed to prevent some of the issues we experienced domestically while establishing our branches in Toronto and Windsor, as well as our recent challenges in the U. S. market with Julius Blumberg Inc.My recommendation for a fully owned subsidiary in the U. K. is based on the following In Europe, U. K. is the only European cou ntry where seals are legally required for corporations, and the most(prenominal) populous country in that region (exhibit 1), this continues to make U. K.the most attractive market in Europe for sales, regardless of whether seals might no longer be required in the future. Also, establishing a presence in the U. K. will place Sterling in a position to easily penetrate other European market for future expansion. Based on a qualitative cost & benefit analysis (exhibit 2), a wholly owned subsidiary provides the most vantage to Sterling. Although this requires the most capital and management commitment, the benefits it offers offsets such costs including full profitability as opposed to a shared profit in case of a joint venture (exhibit 3).Also, in terms of the goals, strategy, resources and organizational structure of Sterling, a subsidiary best enables the firm to reach its objectives (exhibit 4). Options open to Sterling with a subsidiary is either to purchase a U. K. seal producer (Jordan) or build a branch as a Greenfield project. Buying out a local anesthetic producer will allow a speedy market institution and access to local workers. This will also give Sterling access to certain customers of the local seal producer. For this reasons, a buy-out subsidiary will be preferred over building a new branch.The U.S. market is also one that is in need of a turn around in terms of sales and profitability. Once our seven-month contract with Julius Blumberg Inc. is completed, I will suggest we change our method of entry into the U. S. Market. Our trial with Bloomberg sales force shows that a direct sales approach dramatically increases sales in this market, therefore we should continue to export and invest in a sales and distribution team locally in the U. S. to drive sales. This will also allow us to penetrate the market faster and derogate any additional capital cost.In terms of interest shown in our product by other countries, I will suggest we research into sal es opportunities in Japan for the reasons that Japan has a high population and number of lawyers compared to most of the other countries, geographically Japan also allows us to establish a hub in Asia so that we can establish a footprint in this region. However, deciding on a method of entry into this market will require hookup special information and understanding the Japan market. This research will need to be done prior to deciding a similar method of entry as was suggested for the U. K. market.

Red Bull – Promotional Mix

expiration bull was originally established in Thailand in 1962 under the name Krating Daeng, personnel casualty motherfucker was incorporated in 1984 with its head transferice in Austria. It is now a market leader in the capacity drink segment with presence in over 130 countries and an employee base of over 3,900 worldwide. It recorded a turnover of $2.6 billion in 2006 with a whopping 300% enlarge in world(a) sales as compa violent to the year 2000. Starting with its first international foray in the neighbouring Hungary in 1993, it has since then entered and established a foothold in sundry(a) key markets like United States, Germany and United Kingdom. Through its wellhead(p) developed network of local subsidiaries in these and other key markets, it manages to make its products available in more(prenominal) than 100 countries. The brand Red cook has a reputation of unconventional marketing strategies, first mover in the energy drinks market and a strong player in the over all functional drinks market.AdvertisingRed doodly-squat uses many ways of advertising, from billboards to television adverts. Red Bull mostly focus on advertisement through the media as it reaches its primary target market of young slew. Here ar a few examples of red bulls advertising strategies. Their most popular and well known type of advertising is their adverts on television. They use TV adverts as it is an affective way of reaching out to the public as most plurality own a TV and result see the advert. This is a screen shot from the advert. It states that Red Bull gives you pi holes.This is a well known slogan that many peck recognise red bull by.Its a very catchy slogan therefore the public are likely to remember it and obtain red bull. In the advert they are trying to put across a humorous yet witty message in their adverts by suggesting that Red Bull can help you escape by giving you wings. Cartoons can convey a message far more quickly than a written notice, for example. For peerless thing, you dont need to be able to read to understand a cartoon. The advert also to give their potential customers a sense of the energy red bull can give you.This is a billboard advertisement by Red Bull. Billboards are a good way of advertising as lots of mountain see them so its easy to catch the publics eye and try boost sales. The message in this advertisement is very clever and tries screening a scientific side to Red Bull. This is a good way of catching the publics eye as if its proven to give energy then people will buy it. This also has a sense of humour by using Einstein in the advertisement, but also he is very well known so will catch the publics eye. This can be classed as celebrity advertisement which is a very popular and effective way of advertising.Personal sellingOne of Red Bulls most successful technique of personal selling is their wings team members. The wing team are a group of people all over the world who help promote and sell Red Bul l. The team is made up of young, fun, charismatic people who attend events around the countries to manufacture Red Bull. Their aim is to drive product trial, win new customers and introduce existing customers to new consumption occasions. Here is an event that the Red Bull wing team have attended. This was a student freshers party in Bournemouth, this is ideal as their primary target market will be attending this event. They have caller-out cars and props to catch the public eye and will always have free product trial and often giveaways, which may be stickers, caps and so on.Sales promotionRed bull is sold all around the world to, big chain supermarkets, junction shops, cafes and many more. Red Bull sales are very rare as they are the leading energy drink product in the worldHere is a sales promotion for Red Bull. It is an offer stating if you buy two large packs of Red Bull you receive a 5 gift voucher. This will help boost the sales for Red Bull and string more customers. It is also priced at 5.99 as it it a pricing strategy called a psychological strategy. This would court to the customers as the product will seem cheaper, instead than if it was priced 6.00.Public RelationsPublic relations mean that the business has done something that will catch the publics eye and cause them to talk about it. This is an article on how Red Bull dropped off cans of their energy drinks to 400 campuses by helicopter. This is good for the product as it can be seen as free advertisement. Red Bull get a lot of public relations due to events like the Red Bull Stratos and many more. Events like these help the product gets into the media and set out interest to potential customers. Red Bull uses their wing team for direct marketing. The wing team travel around the country to events and cities to promote the product. They will approach customers and tell them about the product. They will often be given a free trial of the product or other freebies, e.g. stickers.SponsorshipRe d Bull have a very big hold of events, athletes, that they sponsor. On their website they show all the athletes that they sponsor. The picture above shows some of the sports they sponsor. This includes surfing, snowboarding, skating, motocross, mountain biking and many more. All of their athletes are very successful and some best in the world in their sporting area. Sponsoring successful athletes is good for the brand as it will help promote their product. For example the athletes will have the Red Bull logo on their bike, board, car and so on. This can attract a different type of group to their product and help the product make more sales.Direct MarketingRed Bull uses direct marketing to contact other businesses directly through email and letters to promote their product. They also use it to contact businesses to use their product, e.g in shops and supermarkets. Direct marketing is more effective as it allows other businesses to feel as the business is talking only directly to the m.Promotional objectivesImprove company imageRed Bull make better their company image by sponsorship and the Red Bull team. The people they sponsor are very successful and mostly famous in their career. By sponsoring these people it allows Red Bull to be recognised in a good way from followers of these people and what they do. This gives Red Bull a positive company image and allows Red Bull to be associated with positive events.Improve financial position Red Bull improves their financial position by extending the product life by bringing out new products. Red Bull has brought out Sugar Free Red Bull and Red Bull cola. This helped them widen their customers and people who appeal to Red Bull, which will help Red Bull to make more sales and generate more profit.Increase brand awareness Red Bull increase brand awareness by advertisement and many other strategies. In my opinion the most affective is holding events such as, sports competitions, festivals and parties. This allows a big s hape of people to become aware of Red Bull.

Prg420 V10 Week 4 Individual Assignment Essay

PRG420 (Version 10) Week 4 Individual- Simple Commission Calculation Program Part 3Modify the Week Three Java finishing using Java NetBeans IDE to meet these additional and changed business requirements* The use will now compare the quantity one-year compensation of at least both gross revenuepersons. * It will calculate the additional step of gross sales that each salesperson must achieve to match or exceed the higher of the two earners. * The application should ask for the realize of each salesperson being compared.The Java application should also meet these technical requirements* The application should have at least ace fall apart, in addition to the applications controlling class. * The source code must demonstrate the use of Array or ArrayList. * There should be graceful documentation in the source code.Source Code/***Program Simple Commission Calculation Program Part 3Purpose to calculates and display the agree annual compensation of a salesperson. ProgrammerClass PRG420InstructorCreation DateProgrammer Modification DatePurpose to add appellation of sales person and also functionality to manage the list of sales persons an comparing their annual compensation Program Summary This program will calculate and display the total annual compensation of a salesperson. Here in this program the salary of the salesman and its commission rate is fixe and program accepts sales amount.*/import java.util.ArrayListimport java.util.electronic scannerimport java.text.NumberFormatclass SalesPerson private final twin fixed_Salary = 35750.00private final parlay commission_Rate = 12.0private final double sales_Target = 125250.00private String nameprivate double annual_Sales//default constructor ordinary SalesPerson() name = Unknownannual_Sales = 0.0//parameterized constructorpublic SalesPerson(String nm,double aSale) name = nmannual_Sales = aSale//getter method for the namepublic String get attend()return name//setter method to set namepublic void setName(Str ing nm)name = nm//getter method for the annual salespublic double getAnnualSales()return annual_Sales//method to set the value of annual salepublic void setAnnualSales(double aSale) annual_Sales = aSale//method to calcualte and get commissionpublic double commission ()double commission = 0if(annual_Sales= (sales_Target*(80/100))) //80% of the sales targetif(annual_Sales= sales_Target)commission = sales_Target * (commission_Rate/100.0) + (annual_Sales- sales_Target)* (75.0/100.0) elsecommission = annual_Sales * (commission_Rate/100.0) return commission //method to calcualte and get annual compensationpublic double annualCompensation ()return fixed_Salary + commission()public class Main public static void main(String args)//array list to have a collection of sales personsArrayList sales_Persons = new ArrayList()//create an object of Scanner calss to get the keyboard input Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in)do//prompt the user to enter nameSystem.out.print(Enter salesperson name (st op to EXIT) ) String name = input.nextLine().trim()if(name.equalsIgnoreCase(stop))break//creating an object of SalesPerson classSalesPerson sales_Person = new SalesPerson()//set name of sales personsales_Person.setName(name)//prompt the user to enter the annual salesSystem.out.print(Enter the annual sales )double sale = input.nextDouble()//set the value of annual sale of sales person object sales_Person.setAnnualSales(sale)//add sales Person to array listsales_Persons.add(sales_Person)//read a blank lineinput.nextLine()while(true)//getting the 2 momentimum annual compensationdouble min = -1double secondMin = -1if(sales_Persons.size()=3)//intilizationdouble firstValue = sales_Persons.get(0).annualCompensation() double secondValue = sales_Persons.get(1).annualCompensation()//intechanging if in reverse orederif (firstValue secondValue) min = firstValuesecondMin = secondValueelse min = secondValuesecondMin = firstValuedouble nextElement = -1//compring the 2 to n valuesfor (int i = 2 i sales_Persons.size() i++) nextElement = sales_Persons.get(i).annualCompensation() if (nextElement min) secondMin = minmin = nextElementelse if (nextElement secondMin) secondMin = nextElement//displaying resultNumberFormat nf = NumberFormat.getCurrencyInstance()//All salespersons and their total annual compensation System.out.println()System.out.printf(String.format(%-20s%-20s,Name, Total annual compensation )) System.out.println()for(SalesPerson salesperson sales_Persons)System.out.printf(String.format(%-20s%20s,salesperson.getName(), nf.format(salesperson.annualCompensation()))) System.out.println()//dipslyaing the all sales persons additional amount of sales other the 2 memebrs who have minimum sales System.out.println()for(int i=0 i sales_Persons.size()i++)double compensation = sales_Persons.get(i).annualCompensation()if(compensation == min compensation == secondMin) continueSystem.out.println(Name of Salesperson +sales_Persons.get(i).getName()) System.out.println(The to tal annual compensation +nf.format(compensation))System.out.println(Total SalesTotal Compensation)double sale = sales_Persons.get(i).getAnnualSales() for(double j =sale j

The argument behind this is that if ones parents

Alcohol is a drink that is consumed orally and has an intoxicating effect. A drug when it is outlined using medical terms is any substance that when consumed affects body functions whether positively or negatively. The argument is that medically prescribed drugs can help one witness from a certain illness but when drugs are taken for fun can lead to addiction and other bad side effects.As per the above apt(p) definition, alcohol qualifies to be a drug and therefore should be controlled same other drugs. The essence of this paper is to support the argument that alcohol is a spartan drug and thus should be controlled.Alcohol is one of the nearly abused drug with the most affected being the youths. No one wants to become an alcoholic dupe but one accidentally finds himself in it. It is hard to determine when one would become its victim or not as at that place are some(prenominal) underlying factors that act as catalyst. One person may consume it for a short time and become pron e while another energy take along time before becoming one.There are two theories that are advanced by psychologists and sociologists and thus each of them takes the respective perspective. According to psychologists there are some genetic predispositions that determine if one will become an addict or not.The argument behind this is that if ones parents were addicts then the chances of one becoming like them are higher. The other theory advanced by the later is that there are some social factors that may cause one to become addicted these are factors like environmental factors such as cultural exposures and other social practices.Any drug that can lead to addiction like alcohol is flagitious and thus should be controlled. Apart from this, it has a wide range of health effects for example it interferes with normal brain functioning something that causes psychiatric disorders such as depressive disorder, panic disorder and anxiety disorder. Unlike other dugs like cocaine and heroi ne where withdrawal can only be fatal if one has other health complications, alcohol withdrawal can be fatal.The reason behind this is that when alcohol is taken it stimulates the GABA receptors something that causes anxiety and when it is consumed in large amount and consistently, it desensitizes and reduces these receptors thereby make the body to be entirely dependent on it such that when it is abruptly stopped, it leads to the breakdown of the central nervous system.The victim immediately registers some life punishing seizures or convulsions, hallucinations and in extreme cases it results to heart failure (Cohen, Sidney. 1983).Socially it has led many to lose their prestigious jobs as when mint become addicted they are force to consume it even when they are supposed to be busy at work and in sober mind. This economically affects the productivity of companies as drunken people cannot be expected to be productive. If anything they make them incur loses as they put off the very customers they are expected to serve. For this reason, alcohol is an obstacle to development and should thus be banned completely (Cohen, Sidney. 1983).Studies show that alcohol car related car accidents are the main cause of death of the youth between 15 and 24. It also increases suicide, homicide and drowning cases as in most cases victims who commit suicide are drunkards or those who are drowned are its victims.Alcohol also interferes with ones thought system and for this reason most drunkards do no reason appropriately. Alcoholism leads to reduced judgment and that is why victims can cross a busy road without checking whether the road is safe or not and one end up being hit. Most car accidents are drivers who are under the influence of drugs. Like it is mentioned above, alcohol clouds ones judgment such that it is hard to think straight.When one is drunk he/she loses control over everything such that one is aware that something is happening but cannot take the appropriate bank ers bill and that is how accidents result. Alcohol, even at low doses, significantly impairs the judgment and coordination required to drive a car safely. (Partnership for a Drug Free America).According to a survey that was do by the Davis Law Group in 2007, about 12, 998 died in car accidents where drivers were under the influence of alcohol. If these cases are to be reduced, then the government must drive out up and adopt a zero tolerance strategy to alcoholism (Davis Law Group. 2007).

Qatar’s Economy

crinkle in Qatar Should one do business in Qatar? Qatar is a miniscule province in the Middle East. Ive come to realize that Qatar, just uniform any other country has its poor and plentiful sides. Qatar is a small country with immense expectations for future business with other countries. Lets start by looking at Qatars political and economic standpoint. While Qatar is more than of a conservative society than others, it has set out on a path towards economic modernization and political stability. Amir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani has been the headspring of state since 1995 and has led Qatar to becoming more open to global markets.He is a strong advocate to having relations with the United States as well. In 2003 and 2004 the economy of Qatar was maturation and expected to continue growing. According to Douglas Walter, author of Consider Qatar, stated that Qatars economy is driven by revenues from natural gas and oil resources. Qatar has one of the largest oil reserves in the wor ld, with as much oil to last as long as 200 years, that was said in 2005. I can only retrieve how much oil it has now. Qatar is striving to have got itself more attractive for investments and trade with other countries.With the importance of foreign trade on the economy of Qatar, export tax income is a primary source of funding public spending and development in Qatar. In 1994, Qatar succumbed to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, which is now known as the World Trade Organization. They have built its trade and investment state so that they are following their obligations to the World Trade Organization by bring down tariffs, removing unnecessary restrictions and barriers to trade, and providing foreign investor more opportunities.The United States is still trying to get Qatar to become part of the Free Trade Agreement. It seems like doing business in Qatar, is easier than near countries. Some companies that do business with Qatar have reported that going through custom s is not a hassle. Qatari companies and customers seem eager to execution with Americans and like buying U. S. Made products and services. Qatar has a stable currency, and the country inflicts no foreign exchange controls.Qatar permits up to 100% of foreign ownership in agriculture, manufacturing, health, education, tourism, power and projects problematical in the development of natural resources, pending approval from the g overnment. Qatar is also a member of various international financing bodies. It levies no taxes on the individuals income and no fees on exports, whereas he fees on imports are exceedingly low and are estimated at 4 percent. Qatar is also famous for its banking market. There are no restrictions on transferring capitals overseas, which make the whole of Qatar a free trade zone.The issuing of law No. (1) in the year 1980 regulating labor in Qatar provided for incentives for local investors in the industry field and in addition to the promotional incentives regu lated by law No. (19) in the year 1995 which facilitates the process of obtaining industry licenses and unifies the executive bodies that grant promotional incentives. U. S. exports to Qatar in 2004 totaled $423 million. Within the span of five years, U. S. exports to Qatar have increased by over 200%. All indicators the growing strength of the U. S. Qatar geopolitical relationship, fruit in the world demand for natural gas, and Qatars successful economic reform and diversification strategy among others strongly suggest significant growth in future U. S. exports to this market. Qatar has its own specific rules when it concerns other countries operating in this country. There are several services that are available for interested parties looking to do business in spite of appearance Qatar, such as legal, financial, tax matters, business counseling, club background checks, and feasibility studies.Now there is not any personal income tax within Qatar, but foreign-owned companies m ust pay tax on corporate income. One downfall to this is that U. S. Companies wanting to do business in Qatar will have simulacrum taxation. Now with labor in the country of Qatar, all non-Qataris must have a valid work permit issued by the Department of Labor to work in Qatar. Qatar has a new labor law which aims to balance the rights of employers and employees, also institutes hiring priority to Qatari nationals.It gives the employers obligations that the employment contract must be in writing, the credit of the concept of end-of-service benefits, and limitations on how many hours can be worked per week. Now seeing a country prosper with its oil and natural gas revenues and to see how beautiful the country actually is, who wouldnt want to do business in Qatar. Ive been there and can see how a U. S. Company could become a success over there. Ive been to several places in Doha and have seen familiar places, such as Apple-bees, Chilis, and Fuddruckers.With Qatars great relationship with the United States, it couldnt hurt for a company to open up over in Qatar and bring more to the country that is striving. Works Cited Qatar Now. N. p. ,n. d. Web 21 Nov. 2012 http//www. diwan. gov. qa/english/qatar/Qatar_now. htm Rules of Business in Qatar-Export. gov N. p. ,n. d. Web. 21 Nov 2012. http//www. export. gov/middleeast/country_information/qatar/considerqatarguide. pdf Grasp, Rules of Business in Qatar N. p. ,n. d Web. 21 Nov 2012. http//graspcorp. co. uk/en/about/about-qatar/

Case study Technique Essay

In psychological science, good examples study is the use of descriptive investigate and analysis to obtain in-depth information about a person, group, or a phenomenon. sideslip study is conducted using techniques such as direct-observation of the person, in-person interviews, psychometric tests, and use of previous researches archived (Dunbar, 2005). Psychology uses a case study often in clinical research to explain an uncommon occurrences and conditions of the patient. The conditions atomic number 18 contrary to the pre-established principles in the fields of psychology and clinical research. Most of the case studies are single-case pattern however, there is multiple-case design where instead of using sampling, replication is the criterion for use. theatrical role study in psychology ought to be valid, and reliable to help in the future psychological research. This paper explains the reasons, disadvantages, and advantages of the case study.Reasons for Using Case StudyCase s tudy allows the researcher to examine and gather information about persons in far more detail than if the research was on a large number of people. Although the case study is non a research method, clinical and psychological researchers identifies methods of data collection that is suitable for the case study (Goodwin, 1995). For instance, observation, interviews, personal notes, and officially documented bring downs. The reason for the case study is to investigate into the private lives of persons with the focus of understanding them and part them in overcoming the problems that they experienced in their daily lives.Advantages and Disadvantages of Case StudyCase study allows the researchers to collect expound information about a person that is useful. The information would not have been obtained by the other(a) research methods. The information obtained during the case study is richer and is greater in depth compared to the other experimental designs. Moreover, the research co nsiders antiquated cases where large samples of similar people are not available. Scientific experiments on the person done during the cognitive process of study are also an advantage (Dunbar, 2005). The process enables the researchers to adapt to ideas and come up with a meditation thatwill be a point of reference in the future research.On the contrary, the data still during the case study cannot apply in a wider population. This makes the data not be useful in longitudinal case studies. In addition, some of the studies are not scientific in nature (Goodwin, 1995). They are only a generalization of the scientific principles. The study considers only one individual therefore, the study is devoted to the researcher biases. The bias of the experimenter can influence the conclusions more than in the other study designs. It is also ambitious to prove the effect from the psychological case study (Dunbar, 2005). A case study is often prone to be more time consuming than the time us ed in other study designs.Sources of Case Study DataThe case study research generates data from different sources. The researchers use field notes to record data that is already available in stored databases. The use of sampling where one person is examined to represent a wider group is also a method of case study data collection. In addition, questionnaires, observations, and interviewing are other methods used to collect case study data. In conclusion, the study tends to collect qualitative data. The psychological case study is important since it collects unique and in-depth data about a person. Mainly, the rare phenomena and conditions allude to case studies. Finally, it is rattling to refer to the recorded data to ensure that the findings are accurate and applicable in the real disembodied spirit situations.ReferencesDunbar, G. (2005). Evaluating research methods in psychology A case study approach. Malden, MA BPS Blackwell. Goodwin, C. J. (1995). Research in psychology Method s and design. New

Should Students Wear Uniforms

Are Uniforms A Good Way to Improve Students Discipline and Motivation? AED 200 basis Uniforms have been a big debate for years. Some educators and p atomic number 18nts believe live uniforms are a big addition to the shallow system while others feel it is non giving students granting immunity of speech by crush outing themselves in what they offend. Should Students Wear Uniforms? Should students wear uniforms is the big debate crosswise give lessons districts across the united states to mean solar day. According to Eduguide. rg, school uniforms are one step that may break the cycle of frenzy truancy and disorder by helping young students understand what really counts. Some feel students emolument from uniforms because it boosts their self-esteem. Students also have feel like they are in a fashion show cover in uniforms makes students realize what on the inside that counts. Uniforms decrease the influence of gangs and are known to make things rugged for weapons being brou ght in hidden inside of clothes. Uniforms improve learning.Uniforms reduce distraction and shapes focus on school work and making the classroom a more serious environment. Uniforms improve behavior and increase school attendance. Uniforms save families time and money. Parents report uniforms are cheaper than buying designer clothes or keeping up with the latest trends. Uniforms helps the administrators quickly identify outsiders who could be a danger to the students. Some people believe uniforms shows neatness by requiring students to tuck in their shirts, wear belts and wear shoes similar in color.Students dressing the same(p) decreases teasing about garments and shoe appearance. Uniforms prepare children for following a dress code for the early when they reach adulthood and join the workforce. Some children form their own groups in school in which vesture a certain thing or color or style. Some children use fashion trends to name the popular ones from the unpopular children a ccording to what they wear. Uniforms make it less possible for kids to be judged establish on clothing choices. Uniforms prevent the competition to have the most fashionable clothes.Competition in school causes students to lose focus on schoolwork instead of on who is wearing the latest fashion trends. Uniforms eliminate clothes competiveness. A nonher term from Proffessorshouse. com states that some people claim that requiring a uniform increase graduation rates and also has an involve on childrens educational experience. Students performed on the uniform debate claim that uniforms encourage discipline, helps prevent social groups from forming opinions based on fashion status, gets rid of economic barriers and makes easily to identify persons at the school who should non be there.The article also talks about how some form of dress codes enforced nearly 75% of all schools dress codes are in place to outlaws offensive clothing being pinched to the school. After reviewing anothe r article from Ezinearticles. com uniforms create a source of identity and provides a signified of be according to the article the article some childrens believe the school chosen for them is a phase of achievement and the school uniform is a mark of inclusion, something to brag about and they feel proud and charge wearing it.It eliminates the child having to worry about what to wear each day. Uniforms also relieve the parent of having to give money to helping the child to keep up with the latest trends every day. Uniforms allow a sense of unified purpose to develop particular rivalry with other establishments. Uniforms reinforce childrens since of belonging to quiet communities. In a 1996 Long Beach, Calif. speech, former President Bill Clinton announced his support of that districts uniform initiative.It didnt get far in the United States but it also helped start the debate. Uniforms also closes the debate on what children are allowed wear to school, then that makes mornings easier for parents and for children. Everyone knows exactly what the kids need to wear, their regulated school uniform. This leads to a decrease in morning arguments. Some experts believe that when the entire student body is dressed in uniforms, they develop a stronger team mentality. When they are all dressed alike, their all-for-one-and-one-for-all attitude is boosted.With parents saving by not having to buy day to day clothes, they heap let their children buy a few nicer and more fashionable clothes for spends and evenings. wearing a uniform five days a week understructure make children appreciate their weekend fashions more. Why Students Should Not Wear Uniforms Parents on the opposing side feel uniforms violate the right to freedom of speech and expression a uniform cost too much for families struggling financially, uniforms are a band aid on the problem of school violence and does not address the real issues behind(predicate) it.Uniforms hide warning signs that point to problems that maybe going on with the child. Some feel that uniforms have not been able to prove wither the decreased discipline or violence and uniforms fail to allow children the expertness to learn and make good choices based on their own values. Most feel that uniform are not allowing children to be themselves. Some believe that children cannot be themselves clothes are an expression of who they are. Parents feel that uniforms can be more expensive than regular clothes.Some parents may feel they are a big chase away of money wither the school paid for them or not. Some feel uniforms do children uncomfortable and made them focus on the uniform rather than focusing on school work. Also uniforms do not change a childs behavior in school. Wearing uniforms stop children from getting in trouble and acting out in school. Self-expression is an important part of a childs outgrowth and curbing it with uniforms can be determined to children. Some feel if students are not able to expre ss themselves will in another way by excessive make-up or hairstyles or jewelry.Uniform wear delays transitions into adulthood. Some experts feel teenagers to wear uniforms limits their ability to express in their own way in which can delay their transition in adulthood. Studies show uniforms can be a difficult to enforce in public schools. Conclusion Uniforms have many pros and cons, most believe uniforms are a good election for kids while others feel they can compromise who kids are through expressing themselves through the clothes they wear uniforms cuts blast on violence and is a solution to economic problems parents may be facing today.My own personalized experience with uniforms causes me to look at uniforms in both sides of the issue. I feel uniforms should be forced in middle or high school but voluntary in elementary schools. I feel most kids in elementary school do not notice what each other wear. inwardness and high school is the times where students notice what the o ther person is wearing or form groups based on who they think are popular or the other. Uniforms are a choice based on school officials and it is up to the child or school if uniforms work. References Website EduGuide. com Website Ezarticle. com Website About. com

Similarities & Differences of Perfect Competition and Monopolistic Competition

Perfect contest describes a market structure in which at that place is no single firm powerful or large enough to influence the price of the product. In monopolistic competition, numerous sellers differentiated products that argon like but not ideal substitutes for each other. There are some similarities that exist between these twain market structures. Firstly, in both market structures, the number of firms is huge. This is especially true for perfect competition, where the number of firms in the industry is numerous.Secondly, in both perfect competition and monopolistic competition, there are no barriers to entry. Firms are free to enter and leave the market as they see fit. Besides that, firms also have to argue with each other. However, there are more dissimilarities than similarities between these two. The first difference is the product offered. In perfect competition, the products offered are identical to those of other firms. Products are usually perfect substitutes to each other. In monopolistic competition, companies subroutine product differentiation to set their product apart from their competition.Some differentiation strategies include brand names, design, and advertising. A good example to demonstrate product differentiation is the smartphone market. Samsung, Apple, Sony, and HTC produce smartphones that are similar to each other in terms of functionality and quality. However, there are some small differences in features, pricing, and design that will be the deciding factor for customers when they make their purchasing decision. Secondly, there is a difference in the pricing of the products.In perfect competition, firms are numerous and small, ensuring that no one firm has control over pricing. Thus, prices are influenced by forces such as supply and demand. In contrast, in monopolistic competition firms have some aim of control over pricing due to product differentiation. Since products are not perfect substitutes for each other, it dep ends on the customer to decide to purchase the product at the selling price or not. For example, a tee shirt from Ralph Lauren is quite a bit more expensive than a t-shirt from GAP but there are still a lot of customers who choose to buy it.

The AtekPC Project Management Office Essay

The Atek PC Project Management Office Case Study was assigned for this family to provide an overview of the challenges faced by management in the development and deployment of a PMO in an existing comp any. base on the case study respond to the questions below incorporating not only the course reading materials, merely any outside research that may be relevant. Be sure to cite the authority for any research included in your response.What were the changes in AtekPCs business environment that caused the company to introduce a PMO? Based on your assigned readings and research, do these appear to be appropriate reasons for developing a PMO? why or why not?One might be cost reduction. Another motivation to make grow better on construes would be that we have to get more creative, adaptive, and agile in launching virgin products. 1The PC industry was changing, and AtekPC was engaged in dealing with dramatic pressure from larger competitors such as HP, Dell, and Lenovo. To compete in a changing industry in which consolidation was occurring, AtekPC had implemented a bodied Planning Office. Recognizing therole that IT would likely play in enabling AtekPC to respond to the industry pressures, the senior vice-president had back up the creation of a PMO within IT. 1Somewhat true but not sufficientHere atomic number 18 some other reasons of why we should have PMO. (of course it cannot represent everything)In mature organizations, the PMO is the focal prefigure for improvement and enhancement in travail management through the implementation of the enterprise-oriented functions. Enterprise-oriented functions are intended to embellish the overall capability of the organization for long-range benefits.The enterprise functions will provide the long-term stability and dorsumfor the project management success. This mission is met by establishing, and maintaining, a project historical database, by developing and disseminating project management best practices, by prov iding training in all project management knowledge areas, and by providing visibility for the value of project management to the organization. 2Distinguish between project-focused and enterprise-oriented duties of a PMO?The specific duties of a PMO were typically divided into two categories project-focused and enterprise-oriented. Project focused responsibilities such as consulting, mentoring, and training were services that enabled the success of respective(prenominal) projects. On the other hand, enterprise responsibilities addressed services that might improve all projects such as portfolio management, PM standards, methods, and tools, and project performance archives. 1PMOs are more effective and can better furbish up the bottom line, when they are operating at the corporate enterprise-wide strategic level, rather than at the departmental level. departmentally base Project Management offices are successful in their own silos but not received outside their span of influence, and therefore, are unable to influence the organization as a whole. This is because many project management offices started off from a grass roots approach. 3A PMO that is organizationally based versus departmentally based is more likely to get executive support. After all, project management should not be a departmental strategy it should be an organizational strategy. The Enterprise PMO will oversee the management of all strategically aligned projects. 3Describe the primary issues faced by AteKPC management to a lower place the two organizational models that were under consideration for the PMO. Explain the limitations of each of these models.

The Major Issues and Conflicts on Bilingual Education

Bilingual education was first initiated in 1968. It was a new mode to educate the children who spoke a minority language. thirty-one years later the same problems exist for those children who cover a language other in that locationfore slope. The experiment of Bilingual education has been a failure and flat its time to move on. The first incline wholly initiatives were brought forth in 1981 by pertly elected chairwoman Reagan. Since then the conflict over Bilingual education has drove on.Currently 23 states have English Only laws with 4 states having laws that argon pending. The issue of bilingual education and the conflict that surrounds it is in general focused between whites and Hispanics, although since the mid 70s its also been involved with the Chinese and green gram cultures. Bilingual education has failed however, currently the movement is towards and English lone(prenominal)(prenominal) educational system. The simple fact of the involvement is that people who intercommunicate a language in this country leave alone never go bad ahead.Weve tried the ignorant nonion that you could get by with come forth utterance English or speaking English precise minimally, exactly thats promoting and even more ignorant idea which is that you dont need speak English fluently to succeed in America. In 1968 we didnt k right(a) off that Bilingual Education wouldnt work, however, its time to move on and do the right thing and switch to English Only. Lyndon Johnson was president, we had the futile dream of world peace, at the same time we were Bombing the North Vietnamese into the stone-age.In the nett year of LBJs presidency sever new education initives were taken as part of the experience step in his Great Society programs. One of these new initives was Bilingual education. At the time it was back up by the Liberal whites in this country, for the most part the conservative Hispanic sect was opposed to such measures. The idea at the time was, k ids would learn in their native language and simply pick up English gradually. Those ideas were radicalized in the 1970s however, the premise moved away from gradual learning of English to English wasnt rattling necessary.In 1981 Bilingual education came under assault from newly elected president Reagan proposed moving to the English Only system. The idea wasnt viewed as Anti-Hispanic at the time, or as rough kind of racist proposal. Reagan was adored by a majority of the Hispanic community, drawing unprecedented defend among Latino voters. The issue of bigotry wasnt brought forth until the Democrats were sent packing in Gingerich revolution of 1994. In 1999 the debate rages on a nonher 4-5 states ar preparing for an English Only law to go on the 2000 resource ballots.The assault on Bilingual Education will continue on. There have been several attempts to congeal an English Only amendment in to the constitution, all have failed. However, as public support for English only hits record highs an amendment maybe inevitable. The latest of the states to abolish Bilingual education was the state of California not precisely a conservative state by any means. The controversial Prop 227 was progressed by a importantly wide margin 61% to 39%.Prop. 227 was headed by Millionaire computer executive Ron Unz himself the son of immigrant parents. During the battle to pass Prop 227 Unz was songed everything from a sell out to a White supremacist. The surrounding Bilingual education is now fueled by a Hispanic minority that refuse to adapt to American culture. They refuse to discipline the facts, Americans who do not speak English fluently have a poverty rate well 25% higher then Americans who speak fluent English.Their arguments are unsubstanciated, English only laws are not racist in nature. Theyre attempting to create better equality a theory that you simply cannot call racist. By making children of parents who speak a minority language speak English, the people who are really benefiting are the children. By allowing children to think its perfectly ok to use their native languages in our connection is promoting ignorance and poverty. American is run in English, twenty-four states publish all their information in nothing but English.To say that speaking another language and knowing very little English will get you anywhere in this country is stupid. Diversity is wonderful, however, it belongs in homes and not in our schools. American culture is speaking English and only English. America was formed on certain principals lad out with certain fundamental frequency underlying assumptions, it always wasnt possible for everyone to speak English, but the concept was that this is America and we speak English here. There are basically five arguments coming from opponents of English only education.They say it ignores our countries civil rights usance it fails to promote the integration of minority citizens into the American mainstream it neglects th e need for American merchants to be able to communicate with opposed markets it restricts the ability of the government to be able to reach all its citizens as well as it raises fundamental concerns. The main supporters economically of Bilingual Education are the educators. The NEA and various other education groups spent tight twice as much money trying to defeat Prop 227 in California then the groups supporting the initive spent.Why would they do this? Its simple, MONEY, Bilingual education creates jobs for teachers and valued funding, no matter how right something is, teachers simply dont turn against teachers. The thousands of positions bilingual education has created are now being eliminated. The only way they can preserve these jobs is by claiming that English only legislation is racially motivated and instills antagonism towards minority groups who use another language other then English.Im firmly in favor of English only. First, Bilingual education does not ignore our c ountries civil rights customs. Its simply stating that if you insufficiency to be ignorant, live in poverty, collect welfare and detract from society, thats fine but you will do it on our terms. To say America also has a civil rights tradition is also questionable. Is this not the country where slavery was permitted for 300 years, where women couldnt vote, and where abortions are readily available.Peoples civil rights are being infringed on all the time, from a black slave to an unborn baby, there is no tradition of great civil rights in America. The second argument, it fails to provide integration of minority citizens into the mainstream is ridiculous. Whats more mainstream American a new Chinese immigrant speaking Chinese or one speaking English? The apprehension that allowing someone to speak a native language, is bringing them in to the mainstream is insane.Third, it doesnt neglect the American Government from reaching its citizens. This is AMERICA were associated with Englis h, we speak English, Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence in English, our laws are passed in English. Maybe if you cant speak our language you dont belong in our country. Its also not the Governments duty to reach out to the citizens, people are suppose to be self reliant, we dont want the Government to reach into our lives. Thats why we had that little revolution against King George.If you really need the Governments assistance you should reach out to them, something that would be pretty hard if you dont speak English. Fourth, it does not neglect the ability of merchants to move with foreign markets. We were dealing with foreigners a long time before Bilingual education and we will be doing so a long time after its elimination. Translators Now thats a frightful idea, more practical then allowing 300 languages to exist. Its also cheaper. Finally, our Constitution is written in English and since 1908 printed exclusively in English by the United States Government.T eddy Roosevelt said in 1908 that To print the American Constitution in any other language but English, would be like spitting in the face of our forefathers. The Untied States Supreme Court has also ruled numerous times that English only laws do not violate the 1st amendment of our Constitution. I personally believe that in our nation there needs to be a main language, not 3 or 4 or 1200. George cap wasnt giving orders at Valley Forge in Russian he was speaking English. Abe capital of Nebraska didnt give the Gettysburgh Address in Portuguese.Its not to much to ask for every American citizen to be able to speak English fluently. No one is forced to live here, and if you refuse to adapt you probably shouldnt be living here. If you want to speak German by all means go ahead and do so, but do it back in Germany. While youre in America however, we speak English, and if you dont know it youre in trouble. The conflict is over rated. Its not a matter of racism or of any other kind of hatre d. Its a simple matter of principle. Americans speak English its not to much to ask.

Globalization and Implementation Summary Plan Essay

globalization and Implementation Summary Plan - Essay ExampleThe strategy for globalizing the distribution of natural resources can be modeled based on the European Model, whereby they allow specific countries to specialize in the production of accredited products and materials. This allows the EU as an organization to be more efficient collectively by managing who has the comparative advantage, and decrease the regional competition in pursuit of cooperation. Modeling the global community based on the EU allows politicians and statisticians to identify effective courses whereby they could effectively achieve a global equilibrium. This strategy flies in the formula of existing policy held by the International Monetary Fund that forces developing nations who accept loans to privatize their water system supply. This requires states to leverage control of their resources in order to maximize the benefit to the human population. The human population is thus the intrinsic value of the g lobalization movement. The elimination of boarders necessarily means that the notion of citizenship must be deconstructed. This could maybe serve as the best defense against war. National identities can no longer be deployed as a scapegoat to justify war. In fact, the only plausible use for a military would be for humanitarian intervention.

Reflective Log Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Reflective Log - Essay ExampleWhat it takes to stick with up with rules and regulations to cater for the incessantlyy dying environment. Moreover, this reflection log is my personal statement regarding the course material.environmental management is very significant. By appreciating what is around us, we gain the understanding of nature and thus implement policies to hold dear the environment. Moreover, we are able to come up with environmental laws that are not only meant to govern superstar nation, but they are universal for the absolute globe. However, environmental management and laws differ from one region to another. Furthermore, the end is for the good of the surrounding. On the other hand, the course has enabled me to recognize that each and every one is responsible for victorious care of the environment. The participants of environmental management are not only those who come up with the rules and regulations, but everyone because our prospective generations quality of life will be dependent upon the current measures implemented to nurture the environment.In addition, the core values in environment based upon creating shared value, standards and monitoring is very requirement for environmental sustainability and management. This implies that before coming up with these values, it is of importance to recognize and evaluate the issues affecting the environment. More so, deem the current issues for instance, how the transport sector can be improved to avoid endangering the environment. Furthermore, to assess the global environmental challenges towards sustainable environmental sustainability. Therefore, without doubts, environmental management is very essential for the progress of a nation and the entire globe.In conclusion, this course has enriched the level of my knowledge academically. I have gained critical thinking skills on how to go to view a problem and come up with the solutions. Additionally, I am more informed than ever on all that pertains